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( P.S THIS IS MY FIRST TIME MAKING NEW TOPIC SO IT WILL BE LACKING SEVERELY I APOLOGISE )
( I need tips for next time anything's appreciated friends. )
( There will be terrible grammar I write this half asleep )
Hey,
So I am going to try keep this brief and simple to understand for anyone who is new to python and wants to use the python requests.
I am using
Python 3.12
First to do is your basic
pip install requests
( if you haven't already to install the module )
Brief summary of website requests
Website requests are way of websites returning data and sending data. These requests can be viewed in developer tools / inspect element in the network tab. If you send a request to lets say google you will see numerous results show up on the network tab.
Each request has the following
- Headers
- Cookies
- Method ( POST, GET, PUT, DELETE and so on )
- Path
- URL
Once request is sent, the server returns back data this can be web page so you can view web page / content. Or it can return back information in a JSON format, or cookies which can be used as authentication for your login.
Example of JSON Format
{
"key": "value"
}
For this requests demonstration we'll use a website called discord
( Since people like discord and it's good way to demonstrate API )
API Documentation: https://discord.com/...pers/docs/intro
What you will learn
- How to send requests
- Authorization methods
- Sending discord message
- Receiving the response from the request
- Understand what a request is and how it is formed.
Sending a request
For this example I want you to go on network tab and then open discord and send a message anywhere in a discord server. you will see bunch new request such as returning your profile picture and other information I want you to find a post request under the URL
https://discord.com/...IDHere/messages
The IDHere is the channel ID unique to that channel so you can send messages there.
( DON'T LOOK IN RESPONSE HEADERS FOR THIS PART )
Look at the request headers
You will see some key information
Request Method: POST
Status Code: 200
Authorization
Content-Type application/json
The content type is way the request should be essentially looked at in simple terms in this case as a json format.
Authorization the authorization header is your key, your token for sending requests to backend of discord and they know who you are
The key section is the payload section or the json section for some.
The json section is displayed as such
{
"mobile_network_type":"unknown", NOT NEEDED
"content":"messageContent",
"nonce":"messageId", NOT NEEDED
"tts":false, NOT NEEDED
"flags":0 NOT NEEDED
}
I have marked down which ones aren't needed to send the request so it's easier to understand
Needed ones below:
{
"content": "messageContent"
}
content is our key, messageContent is our value
python representation
payload = {
"content": "messageContent"
}
print(payload["content"])
Now to emulate this request as if we sent a message
Good beginner rules for debugging
- Make variable and store the response
- Check status codes
- check the text before json as if json doesn't exist python will ERROR
Now to send the request here's an example
response = requests.get("https://google.com")
We store the response of request object in the response variable. Now lets break it down.
requests is the module so we put requests before the function.
get is the request method what we mentioned earlier
inside of function is the url
Getting response information
Getting response information is fairly simple we call the response variable we defined and put one of the following
.text
.status_code
.headers
.cookies
.json()
There's numerous options that you can see in requests documentation
Now how do we add headers to a request?
in the requests.get() or any requests method e.g requests.post. We provide it with headers=YourHeaders
Example
requests.get("https://google.com", headers={})
requests.get("https://google.com", headers=headersVariable)
Our discord request
For our discord request we need to send headers what contain a Authorization token. Lets make a variable what stores the Authorization token in a json format.
headersVariable = {
"Authorization": "YourToken"
}
Next lets make a json variable to store our message Content
payload = {
"content": "hello world"
}
Now how do we finally send this request with the payload?
Code below
import requests
payload = {
"content": "hello world"
}
headersVariable = {
"Authorization": "YourToken"
}
response = requests.post("https://discord.com/...IDHere/messages", headers=headersVariable, json=payload)
print(response.status_code)
This will hopefully return status of 200
lets break it down
We define our json payload as the Content-Type is application/json and pass the required json data in payload section
We define our headers variable to store our authorization what can be easily passed to the request
send the request via requests.post we use post because discord sends information to the API via a POST request method
We pass our headers via headers=
and our json via json=
Then we print out sites response code which should be 200 if all is succesful there's numerous status codes a site can return
403 - Unauthorized
404- Not Found
329 - Redirect
200 - Succesful
and more.
Now our request does also return some json data what we can get via
response.json()
You can also use this to extract key data
JSON EXAMPLE
{
"type": 0,
"channel_id": "channelID",
"content": "messageContent",
"attachments": [],
"embeds": [],
"timestamp": "UTC Time Sent",
"edited_timestamp": null,
"flags": 0,
"components": [],
"author": {
"id": "YourUserID",
"username": "YourUsername.",
"avatar": "Avatar",
"discriminator": "0",
"public_flags": 0,
"flags": 0,
"banner": null,
"accent_color": null,
"global_name": "Server Username",
"avatar_decoration_data": null,
"banner_color": null,
"clan": null
},
"mentions": [],
"mention_roles": [],
"pinned": false,
"mention_everyone": false,
"tts": false,
"nonce": "messageID"
}
This is only basic example of sending a message on discord API as I thought this would be great example to demonstrate a post request.
GET vs POST Request
A get request can only send certain data text type data.
While a post request can send data such as json, XML and other formatting types for the backend to understand
Thanks for reading I know it is not the best I am new to nulled.to and wanted to help anyway I could even if no one sees it. It's the thought what counts.
